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Fill any two values in a row and the third updates live. Below the calculators you'll find the formulas and worked examples for percentage, percentage difference, and percentage change. Everything runs in your browser — nothing is sent anywhere.
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What is a percentage?
In mathematics, a percentage is a number or ratio that
represents a fraction of 100. It's one of the ways to represent a
dimensionless relationship between two numbers; other methods
include ratios, fractions, and decimals. Percentages are denoted by
the % symbol after the number. For example, 35%
is equivalent to the decimal 0.35.
Percentages are computed by multiplying the value of a ratio by
100. If 25 out of 50 students are male, the ratio is
25/50 = 0.5, and multiplying this by 100 yields
50%.
Percentage formula
The percentage formula is essentially an algebraic equation:
P × V₁ = V₂
P is the percentage, V₁ is the value the
percentage modifies, and V₂ is the result.
EX: P × 30 = 1.5 P = 1.5 / 30 = 0.05 × 100 = 5%
Percentage difference formula
The percentage difference between two values is calculated by dividing the absolute difference by the average of the two numbers, then multiplying by 100.
Percentage Difference = |V₁ − V₂| / ((V₁ + V₂) / 2) × 100
EX: |10 − 6| / ((10 + 6) / 2) = 4 / 8 = 0.5 = 50%
Percentage change formula
Percentage increase and decrease compare the difference between two values to the initial value. Convert the percent to its decimal form, then add (increase) or subtract (decrease) it from 1.
EX: 500 increased by 10% (0.1)
500 × (1 + 0.1) = 550
500 decreased by 10%
500 × (1 − 0.1) = 450